Beth yw'r Rank Du Belt Cymedr?
I have spent a lot of time studying different rank systems. Mae'n ymddangos bod y system reng yn gysyniad modern a ddechreuwyd gan Dr.. Jigaro Kano, addysgwr, a oedd eisiau system raddio i wahanu myfyrwyr.
Dros y ganrif nesaf, mabwysiadodd nifer o arddulliau'r system rheng gwregysau ond yr unig gyffredinedd oedd bod y systemau gwregys yn golygu'r hyn y penderfynodd y crëwr ei fod yn ei olygu. Esblygodd yr ystyr hefyd trwy'r blynyddoedd wrth i fwy o athrawon ddechrau lledaenu'r gwregysau celf a dyfarnu.
Dr. Kano and Kyuzo Mifune Training from the Public Domain
Prior to Dr. Kano, a head instructor, commonly called a master, issued students he felt were qualified to teach the art a certificate of professorship. Byddai'r athro newydd wedyn yn dod o hyd i'w fyfyrwyr ei hun i ddysgu.
Dr. Kano was a member of the Japanese Olympic Committee and observed that swimmers wore a sash to denote skill level. Dywedir iddo fabwysiadu'r system reng yn seiliedig ar yr arsylwad hwn er bod gennyf fy amheuon.
Supposedly, the most skilled swimmer wore a black sash but as most of these stories go, it is difficult to sort fact from fiction. Dr. Roedd Kano ar y pwyllgor Olympaidd yn ddiweddarach mewn bywyd, tra ymddengys bod lluniau cynnar o hyfforddiant Kodokan yn dangos eu bod yn defnyddio gwregysau lliw i ddynodi rheng cyn Dr.. Kano yn ymuno â'r Pwyllgor Olympaidd. Dr. Defnyddiodd Kano ddau fath o reng: rhengoedd heb eu graddio (below black belt) and graded ranks(black belt). Most of the other Japanese martial arts soon followed suit.
In Brazil, the Gracies, who learned a more ground focused form of Judo from Mitsuyo Maeda, aelod cynnar o'r Kodokan. Datblygodd y Gracies system wahanol o wregysau. Their original system had three belts. All students, no matter how good, were white belts unless they were instructors in training. Instructors in training wore light blue belts and instructors wore dark blue belts. Neu dyna'r hyn a ddywedir wrthym yn aml. Fodd bynnag,, Lluniau Academi Gracie cyn 1967 mae'n ymddangos eu bod yn dangos llawer o'r hyfforddwyr yn gwisgo gwregysau du. P'un a oedd yn las tywyll neu'n ddu, ni allai myfyrwyr gyflawni'r rhengoedd BJJ uchaf oni bai eu bod yn athrawon.
Academi Newydd Logo
Later, Helio Gracie would change the belt system to allow people to get black belt without being instructors but he used different black belts to differentiate between an instructor and a non-instructor. Heddiw, most Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu promotions are based on skill and often competitive record as opposed to ability to teach. Professor Pedro Valente discusses the original system in this excellent video.
Karate and Taekwondo also adapted the belt system. Generally, you can learn striking arts more quickly than grappling arts. Daeth hyrwyddiadau Karate a TKD yn gyflymach. It is still not unheard of for students training every day in Japan and Korea to earn a black belt in a year. In America, it is pretty unheard of to earn a black belt in less than 4 blynyddoedd.
American martial artists influenced the belt system in a couple of significant ways. Yn gyntaf, the original belt systems only had a few colored or below black belts. Fodd bynnag,, many American did not have the patience to wait at a belt rank for a couple of years, so the early martial arts instructors added extra belts, so the students would stay interested in their next promotion.
Ail, Americans elevated the black belt to where most people think it is an expert rank. In most systems, you are not considered a full instructor until you reach 4th Degree Black Belt but the black belt has become the symbol of perseverance and achievement within your school.
Yn fyr, the meaning of a black belt is relative to your school and curriculum.
